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Photonics • Advanced Optical Metrology
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Photonics

Photonics is the science and technology of light generation, detection, and manipulation. It involves the study of the properties and behavior of photons, which are the smallest units of light. Photonics is used in a wide range of applications, from telecommunications and sensing to lighting and display technologies.

Editor's Pick: Advances in Microscale Photonics
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Editor's Pick: Advances in Microscale Photonics

Learn about the rapidly advancing field of microscale photonics and how the integration of AI is propelling the design of photonic devices, promising enhanced performance in future wearable devices and virtual/augmented reality applications.
1D Photonic Crystals: Diverse Morphologies and Distinctive Structural Colors for Multifaceted Applications
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1D Photonic Crystals: Diverse Morphologies and Distinctive Structural Colors for Multifaceted Applications

This article provides an in-depth review of the recent developments in 1D photonic crystals, emphasizing their morphological designs, fabrication strategies, and optical applications.
Intelligent Design of Silicon Photonic Devices
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Intelligent Design of Silicon Photonic Devices

This review aims to provide general guidance and a comprehensive reference for scientists developing photonic integrated systems.
Microdisplays: Mini-LED, Micro-OLED, and Micro-LED
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Microdisplays: Mini-LED, Micro-OLED, and Micro-LED

This review presents perspectives, relevant materials, and the technology landscape for display technologies, offering guidance on the design of advanced microdisplays.
Doubly Stabilized Perovskite Nanocrystal Luminescence Downconverters
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Doubly Stabilized Perovskite Nanocrystal Luminescence Downconverters

The work presents a ligand-assisted copolymer nanoreactor-based synthesis to achieve highly stable halide perovskite nanocrystals (NCs) with quantum yields as high as 95%, demonstrating a dual function of organic ligands in enhancing precursor uptake and passivating NCs to shield them from environmental degradation; the stable NCs are further showcased for optoelectronic integration in deep-blue-emitting organic LEDs.
Scalable, Nanometer-Accurate Fabrication of All-Dielectric Metasurfaces with Narrow Resonances Tunable from Near Infrared to Visible Wavelengths
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Scalable, Nanometer-Accurate Fabrication of All-Dielectric Metasurfaces with Narrow Resonances Tunable from Near Infrared to Visible Wavelengths

The abstract describes a novel fabrication approach for dielectric metasurfaces, utilizing a combination of electron-beam lithography (EBL) and nanoimprint lithography (NIL), achieving high-resolution structures with tunable resonances and scalability to wafer scales, addressing cost challenges associated with traditional methods.
Responsive Spiral Photonic Structures for Visible Vapor Sensing, Pattern Transformation and Encryption
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Responsive Spiral Photonic Structures for Visible Vapor Sensing, Pattern Transformation and Encryption

The abstract discusses the fabrication of submicron 2D photonic structures using two-photon polymerization with direct laser writing, employing a vapor-responsive photoresist for vapor sensing and demonstrating applications in cloaking, image transformation, encryption, and anti-counterfeiting.
Broadband Four-Wave Mixing Enhanced by Plasmonic Surface Lattice Resonance and Localized Surface Plasmon Resonance in an Azimuthally Chirped Grating
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Broadband Four-Wave Mixing Enhanced by Plasmonic Surface Lattice Resonance and Localized Surface Plasmon Resonance in an Azimuthally Chirped Grating

The abstract explores the generation and enhancement of broadband four-wave mixing (FWM) through the optimization of resonant plasmonic modes in a plasmonic azimuthally chirped grating (ACG), revealing the interplay between groove geometry-dependent localized surface plasmon resonance and periodicity-dependent plasmonic surface lattice resonance as key mechanisms for field enhancement over a broad range of wavelengths.
Machine Learning Enabled Image Analysis of Time-Temperature Sensing Colloidal Arrays
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Machine Learning Enabled Image Analysis of Time-Temperature Sensing Colloidal Arrays

Researchers demonstrate a method for using colloidal crystal arrays to simultaneously measure time and temperature. Each crystal array has unique film formation kinetics, and machine learning-enabled image analysis allows for autonomous recording of isothermal heating events using a smartphone camera.
Optical Binding-Driven Micropatterning and Photosculpting with Silver Nanorods
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Optical Binding-Driven Micropatterning and Photosculpting with Silver Nanorods

This work presents a method for controllably creating silver micropatterns by laser-induced photosculpting, driven by plasmonic interactions between pulsed laser radiation and silver nanorods (AgNRs). The photosculpted Airy castles contain emissive Ag nanoclusters, allowing for the visualization and examination of the aggregation process using luminescence microscopy.
Optical Characteristics of Stretchable Chiral Liquid Crystal Elastomer under Multiaxial Stretching
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Optical Characteristics of Stretchable Chiral Liquid Crystal Elastomer under Multiaxial Stretching

Chiral liquid crystal elastomers (CLCEs) are soft photonic materials with tunable structural color through mechanochromism. This study investigates the optical properties of CLCEs under multiaxial stress, confirming that uniaxial stretching causes a loss of intrinsic circular polarization selectivity, while biaxial and out-of-plane stretching maintain circular polarization.
Emission or scattering? Discriminating the origin of responsiveness in AIEgen-doped smart polymers using the TPE dye
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Emission or scattering? Discriminating the origin of responsiveness in AIEgen-doped smart polymers using the TPE dye

Aggregation-induced emission (AIE) luminogens are fascinating dyes used to study polymer properties, particularly how they are influenced by changes in chain mobility and free volume. However, measuring their photoluminescence quantum yield (PLQY) during stimuli like heat or mechanical stress is challenging, leading researchers to commonly use emission intensity as a substitute, assuming a direct correlation with PLQY.
Micro Organic Light Emitting Diode Arrays by Patterned Growth on Structured Polypyrrole
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Micro Organic Light Emitting Diode Arrays by Patterned Growth on Structured Polypyrrole

Patterning organic light emitting diodes (OLEDs) with high-resolution using conducting polymer polypyrrole (PPy) as the nucleation layer allows for the fabrication of micro OLED arrays, including red, green, and blue micro OLEDs. These micro OLEDs demonstrate impressive current efficiency, with the green micro OLEDs achieving a maximum of 3.41 cd A−1, an 80% improvement over devices on indium tin oxide glass.
eBook 16: Advances in Microscale Photonics: Characterization Techniques for Materials in Volume
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eBook 16: Advances in Microscale Photonics: Characterization Techniques for Materials in Volume

The eBook introduces recent advances in microscale photonics, covering topics such as characterization techniques for materials in volume, electrohydrodynamic inkjet printing for mid-infrared meta-optics, fabrication of designer glass, ultrafast coherent spectroscopy of GaAs quantum dots, and surface detection filters for transparent films. These advancements have the potential to transform industries like medicine, telecommunications, and sensing.
Coupled Molecular Emitters in Superstructures Interact with Plasmonic Nanoparticles
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Coupled Molecular Emitters in Superstructures Interact with Plasmonic Nanoparticles

Using hyperspectral measurements, researchers studied J-aggregate nanorods of porphyrin molecules embedded in plasmonic Au nanoparticles arrays. The measurements revealed a shift in the absorption peak of J-aggregate nanorods when they crossed onto a plasmonic array, displaying weak coupling properties only for the embedded part.
Thermotropic Colloidal Liquid-Crystalline Hydroxyapatite Nanorod Hybrids Containing a Forklike Mesogen
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Thermotropic Colloidal Liquid-Crystalline Hydroxyapatite Nanorod Hybrids Containing a Forklike Mesogen

The study presents a novel approach to creating thermotropic colloidal liquid-crystalline (LC) hybrids by introducing dendritic forklike mesogens onto hydroxyapatite (HAp)/poly(acrylic acid) (PAA) nanorods through electrostatic interactions and cation metathesis. This surface modification enables the HAp/PAA nanorods to exhibit thermotropic colloidal LC phases, showcasing promise for the development of sustainable stimuli-responsive materials
Fabrication of 3D Oriented MOF Micropatterns with Anisotropic Fluorescent Properties
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Fabrication of 3D Oriented MOF Micropatterns with Anisotropic Fluorescent Properties

This article discusses a MOF film specifically designed to be patternable, necessary for the fabrication of devices with anisotropic properties, with applications in microelectronics and photonics.
Complex Refractive Index Extraction for Ultrathin Molybdenum Oxides Using Micro-Photonic Integrated Circuit Chips
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Complex Refractive Index Extraction for Ultrathin Molybdenum Oxides Using Micro-Photonic Integrated Circuit Chips

This work proposes a platform using silicon photonics to accurately and reliably measure the complex refractive indices of ultrathin 2D materials.
Optical Gain Switching by Thermo-Responsive Light-Emitting Nanofibers through Moisture Sorption Swelling
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Optical Gain Switching by Thermo-Responsive Light-Emitting Nanofibers through Moisture Sorption Swelling


This article explains how nanofibers made of thermo-responsive poly(2-n-propyl-2-oxazoline) with a blue-emitting chromophore have been developed with optical gain. This gain is temperature and humidity dependent, and can be halved when close to the polymer cloud point temperature, allowing reversible switching of the emission intensity. These nanofibers may be used for lasers, optoelectronics, and smart sensors.
Biomimetic Multi-Color Separating Photonic Skin Using Electrically Stretchable Chiral Photonic Elastomers
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Biomimetic Multi-Color Separating Photonic Skin Using Electrically Stretchable Chiral Photonic Elastomers

Multi-color control of stretchable photonic systems improves the functionality of various potential photonic applications.
MXene-Nanoflakes-Enabled All-Optical Nonlinear Activation Function for On-Chip Photonic Deep Neural Networks
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MXene-Nanoflakes-Enabled All-Optical Nonlinear Activation Function for On-Chip Photonic Deep Neural Networks

The abstract describes the development of a reconfigurable saturable absorber using MXene thin film and a silicon waveguide for on-chip neural networks. The use of MXene flakes is shown to enhance electromagnetic absorption and achieve near 99% accuracy in a machine-learning application.
A Continuous Gradient Colloidal Glass
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A Continuous Gradient Colloidal Glass

The abstract presents a general synthetic approach to bottom-up fabrication of continuous size gradient colloidal ensembles, yielding photonic colloidal glasses with a continuous size gradient that can manipulate light propagation in a novel way, resulting in vivid structural colors and superior light scattering across the gradient. The process has significant potential for a variety of other particle-based systems and can provide novel physical insights and functionalities.
Highly Flexible Electroluminescent Devices Based on Super Durable AlN-Dispersed Ag Ultrathin Films
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Highly Flexible Electroluminescent Devices Based on Super Durable AlN-Dispersed Ag Ultrathin Films

This work develops a solution to the stability problems of flexible electrodes based on ultrathin metals, which is a key issue for their practical application in optoelectronic devices. The solution is the preparation of ultrathin and stable doped silver films by introducing a small amount of AlN during the sputtering process, resulting in excellent luminescence performance and mechanical flexibility under operating conditions for flexible ACEL devices.
Light Switching Microprojector Allows Endoscopic In Vivo 3D Imaging of Gastrointestinal Abnormalities
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Light Switching Microprojector Allows Endoscopic In Vivo 3D Imaging of Gastrointestinal Abnormalities

A new in vivo 3D imaging technique using a light switching microprojector integrated with a clinical endoscope is described. The technique allows for precise measurement of abnormal tissue size and volume in experiments on polyp phantoms, ex vivo human abnormal tissue, and in vivo changes in the inflated stomach wall of an anesthetized pig, and has potential for use in biometric applications.
The Blue-LED-Sensitive Naphthoquinone-Imidazolyl Derivatives as Type II Photoinitiators of Free Radical Photopolymerization
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The Blue-LED-Sensitive Naphthoquinone-Imidazolyl Derivatives as Type II Photoinitiators of Free Radical Photopolymerization

The polymerization performance of dye4/Iod is equal to or better than that of common commercial Type II photoinitiators.
4D Printing of Supramolecular Liquid Crystal Elastomer Actuators Fueled by Light
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4D Printing of Supramolecular Liquid Crystal Elastomer Actuators Fueled by Light

This study presents the synthesis of a light-fueled supramolecular LCE, which is capable of being printed without photo-crosslinking and can be triggered to perform shape changes both in air and water, creating potential avenues for the application of "smart" and sustainable materials in additive manufacturing.
3D Acoustofluidics via Sub-Wavelength Micro-Resonators
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3D Acoustofluidics via Sub-Wavelength Micro-Resonators

This study demonstrates a 3D acoustofluidic approach that allows for rapid and spatially defined micromanipulation of particles through the use of arbitrarily arranged micro-resonator arrays, resulting in highly localized and defined micromanipulation with potential applications in biomedical research.
Fiber-Optic Theranostics (FOT): Interstitial Fiber-Optic Needles for Cancer Sensing and Therapy
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Fiber-Optic Theranostics (FOT): Interstitial Fiber-Optic Needles for Cancer Sensing and Therapy

Photonics has facilitated the development of many new methods for diagnosing and treating cancer.
Evident Industrial Solutions
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Evident Industrial Solutions

Are you looking for the latest information on emerging technologies and the latest trends in industry?
Deep Learning Enabled Scalable Calibration of a Dynamically Deformed Multimode Fiber
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Deep Learning Enabled Scalable Calibration of a Dynamically Deformed Multimode Fiber

The proposed method paves the way for the experimental realization of scalable calibration of a dynamically deformed multimode fiber (MMF).
Microstyling of Biofluorescence in Human Hair as Sustainable and Functional Waste
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Microstyling of Biofluorescence in Human Hair as Sustainable and Functional Waste

This work's simple yet impactful consequence lays the foundation on which the industrial applicability of the functionalized human hair waste can be achieved, realizing a possible cyclical economy through sustainable resources.