Lithium-Ion Battery Recycling
Abstract
This chapter covers chemical methods for recycling lithium-ion battery (LIBs), including industrial case studies on pyrometallurgy, hydrometallurgy, and preindustrial direct recycling processes. Technical sidebars provide detailed chemical insights relevant to engineering and management in LIB recycling. The chapter describes types of battery scrap and pretreatment methodologies for safe recycling and concludes with a discussion on battery design for recycling. It helps the readers to gain fundamental knowledge and comprehension of the following learning objectives: bill of materials present in LIBs; technical recycling methods; the pretreatments applied to LIBs for recycling; types of scrap materials; potential phase-out of polyfluorinated alkyl substances; and hierarchy of approaches in design for recycling. Recycling materials fall into two categories: old and new scrap. The chapter discusses making new LIB cathodes by using the dissolved solution from old cathodes or formulating the purified metal sulfate in new manufacturing.
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